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Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party
Parti Islam Se-Malaysia
PAS logo.svg
Leader Nik Abdul Aziz Nik Mat (Spiritual Leader)
Abdul Hadi Awang (President)
Founded April 4, 1956
Headquarters Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Newspaper Harakah
Youth wing Dewan Pemuda PAS
Ideology Islamism,
Islamic Fundamentalism,
Sharia,
Moral absolutism
Political position Centre-right
National affiliation Pakatan Rakyat
Official colors White, Green
Website
http://www.pas.org.my/

The Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party (Malay: Parti Islam Se-Malaysia), commonly known as PAS or Pas, is an Islamist political party in Malaysia and is currently headed by Datuk Seri Abdul Hadi Awang. PAS positions itself as a political party that aims to establish Malaysia as a country based on Islamic legal theory derived from the primary sources of Islam, the Quran, Sunnah as well as Hadiths, as opposed to Barisan Nasional's Islam Hadhari, which PAS sees as based on a watered-down understanding of Islam.

The party enjoys strong support from the northern rural and conservative states such as Kelantan and Terengganu. It is also the first opposition party in independent Malaysia's history to defeat the Barisan Nasional coalition in a Malay dominated state. PAS, together with Parti KeADILan Rakyat (known as PKR), and Democratic Action Party (known as DAP) formed part of a coalition called Pakatan Rakyat following the 2008 election. Together, Pakatan Rakyat now controls four states in Malaysia which are Kelantan, Kedah, Selangor and Penang.
Contents
[hide]

* 1 History
o 1.1 The formation of Hizbul Muslimin
o 1.2 Demise and revival
o 1.3 Recent development
* 2 Criticisms towards UMNO-led Barisan National government
* 3 Political Views
o 3.1 Entertainment issues
o 3.2 Sharia law
* 4 Reaching out to non-Muslims
* 5 List of PAS Presidents
* 6 List of PAS Mursyidul Am (Spiritual Advisor)
* 7 PAS Members of the 12th Parliament of Malaysia
* 8 See also
* 9 Notes and references
o 9.1 Other references
* 10 External links

[edit] History
[edit] The formation of Hizbul Muslimin

In March 1947, the first Pan-Malayan Islamic conference at Madrasah Ma'ahad al-Ehya as-Sharif at Gunung Semanggul, Perak, was held. The conference was sponsored by Parti Kebangsaan Melayu Malaya (PKMM) under the leadership of Dr. Burhanuddin al-Helmy. The conference set out to address the economic problems faced by the Malay-Muslims. It was meant to bring together the more politically active and progressive Islamic movements and thinkers in the country. As a result of this conference, the Majlis Agama Tertinggi (Supreme Religious Council, MATA) of Malaya was formed.

MATA began organising political events and meetings for Malay-Muslim activists to meet and discuss their plans for the future and the need to mobilise the masses. The Council also organised a conference on 13-16 March 1948 which discussed local and international issues which are of concern to the public. The conference participants felt that UMNO was not doing enough to raise important issues in public and that the conservative-nationalists were not doing enough to stand up for Malay-Muslim rights. Needless to say, the UMNO representatives at MATA were not happy with the tone of discussion set by the Islamists, which was too revolutionary and militant for their taste. The UMNO delegates reported their findings and observations to the party leaders. In due course, UMNO leader Dato Onn Jaafar began to issue warnings about the "threat from the mountain" (a reference to Gunung Semanggul).

The Parti Orang Muslimin Malaya (Hizbul Muslimin) was formed on March 17 1948, after the second conference declared that MATA should be reorganised as an Islamic political party. With the formation of Hizbul Muslimin, all political activities were transferred to the organisation. MATA served as the party's religious affairs bureau. However, the first Islamist party in Malaya was not destined to last long, as they were banned by the British authorities anxious to retain control of the territories, alleging that Hizbul Muslimin have ties with the Communist Party of Malaya.
[edit] Demise and revival

Many members of Hizbul Muslimin escaped the purge of the British and joined UMNO. When the ulama faction in UMNO broke away from the party, they formed an association called Persatuan Islam Sa-Malaya (Pan-Malayan Islamic Association)[1], abbreviated as PAS. At the time, the association charter allowed for dual membership in PAS and UMNO and thus many PAS members thought of themselves as UMNO members and vice-versa. Eventually, the dual-membership clause in the party charter was revoked and PAS began to emerge as a distinct entity. [2] For the sake of contesting in the general election of 1955, the party was re-registered under the name Pan-Malayan Islamic Party (PMIP). The name was later changed to Parti Islam Se-Malaysia during the Asri Muda era in the 1970s.[3] Though keeping its official name in Malay, nowadays the party prefers to refer to itself in the English language as the Islamic Party of Malaysia, rather than its old name Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party.
[edit] Recent development

In 1999, riding a groundswell of popular protest after the arrest and conviction of former Deputy Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim, PAS allied itself with the Democratic Action Party (DAP) and Keadilan (PKR), founded by Anwar Ibrahim's wife Wan Azizah by forming a coalition known as Barisan Alternatif. In the general election, PAS took over Terengganu from the Barisan Nasional.

In the 2004 Malaysian general election, the party's strength was greatly reduced.[1] It won merely seven parliamentary seats, a significant decrease from the 27 parliamentary seats it had won in the 1999 general election. The party leader, Datuk Seri Abdul Hadi Awang even lost his parliamentary seat. PAS also lost control of Terengganu but retained control of Kelantan with a very slim majority of 24 out of 45 seats. [2]. The party's majority in Kelantan's state assembly was further reduced to 23 seats following the Pengkalan Pasir by-election in 2005 which left them with the majority of only one seat in the state assembly.

In the recent 2008 Malaysian general election, the party made a comeback in Kelantan, winning 38 out of 45 seats as well as managing to take control of the west coast state of Kedah, and formed coalition governments with the DAP and PKR in the states of Perak and Selangor. The party also increased its share of MPs in the Malaysian Parliament from seven to 23.
[edit] Criticisms towards UMNO-led Barisan National government

PAS often opposed and criticised the Barisan Nasional coalition. However, for a brief period from 1973 to 1978, under the leadership of Asri Muda, PAS was brought into the BN fold.[4] The Islamic opposition party often alleges that the economic and social problems of Malaysians and Malay-Muslims are the fault of the UMNO-dominated Barisan Nasional federal government in Kuala Lumpur. PAS claims that after independence, social problems such as drugs, corruption and promiscuity have increased and blames the UMNO-led government for allowing these problems to arise.

PAS is of the view that its leadership can overcome these perceived problems for the benefit of the Muslim and non-Muslim electorate alike by establishing an Islamic state.
[edit] Political Views
[edit] Entertainment issues

As an Islamic political party, PAS takes a lead at local level in opposing forms of entertainment that will damage society's morals. It alleges that programmes like Karnival Jomheboh and Akademi Fantasia can damage the morals of Malaysians and Muslims in particular.

PAS strongly condemned a statement by the famous actress, Rosnah Mat Aris in her interview by TV3, a Malaysian television channel.
[edit] Sharia law

PAS has publicly stated its intent to instate what it claims to be sharia law onto Muslims which includes two sharia components hudud and qisas.

PAS strongly support the sharia law to oppose apostasy. On 5 November 2006, an estimated 5,000 people gathered in front of a church in Ipoh after false information concerning more than 100 Muslim would apostasize was spread.[citation needed]

Moves by PAS to extend the already implemented sharia laws, such as by limiting the sale of alcoholic beverage, forbidden to Muslims, and a ban on gambling. In 1999 the Terengganu Government passed the Hudud and Qisas bill which drew much opposition, and eventually prompted the Democratic Action Party to leave the Barisan Alternatif coalition.[citation needed]
[edit] Reaching out to non-Muslims

For the most parts of PAS' history, the party has generally only targeted Malay or Muslim supporters. However since the 2004 elections, there has been clear indication of PAS trying to reach out and win the hearts of non-Muslim Malaysians by way of moderation.[5] During the leading up to the 2008 elections, PAS had rarely mentioned about the setting up of an Islamic state, which has been one of the party's main objective throughout the history.[6] The call for an Islamic state to be imposed in Malaysia has been one of the biggest fears of the non-Muslim population.[7] The party had also used the motto Pas For All to woo non-Muslim supporters.[5]

For example, Khalid Abdul Samad, a lawmaker from PAS representing Shah Alam, has made rare visits to a church and temples to reassure non-Muslim minorities on their religious rights after the March election in 2008. [8]In a later interview with online news portal IslamOnline.net, PAS Research Centre head Dr. Dzulkefly Ahmed would come to describe this as a "substantive approach" ie by incoperating Islamic elements of justice and fair play in state administration, rather than get embroiled in what he termed "(mere) semantics".[9].
[edit] List of PAS Presidents

* 2003–present: Abdul Hadi Awang
* 1989–2002: Fadzil Noor
* 1982–1989: Yusof Rawa
* 1969–1982: Asri Muda
* 1956–1969: Burhanuddin al-Helmy
* 1953–1956: Abbas Alias
* 1951–1953: Ahmad Fuad Hassan

[edit] List of PAS Mursyidul Am (Spiritual Advisor)

* 1987–present: Nik Aziz Nik Mat
* 1982–1987: Yusof Rawa

[edit] PAS Members of the 12th Parliament of Malaysia

Member of Parliament for P22 Pasir Mas, Ibrahim Ali, stood as a candidate under the PAS ticket. However, he remains an independent MP even after he was elected and sworn in Parliament.[10] PAS has 23 MPs in this edition of Parliament.

* Kedah
o P7 - Padang Terap - Mohd Nasir Zakaria
o P8 - Pokok Sena - Mahfuz Omar
o P11 - Pendang - Mohd Hayati Othman
o P12 - Jerai - Mohd Firdaus Jaafar
o P13 - Sik - Che Uda Che Nik
o P16 - Baling - Taib Azamudden Md Taib

* Kelantan
o P19 - Tumpat - Kamaruddin Jaafar
o P20 - Pengkalan Chepa - Abdul Halim Abdul Rahman
o P21 - Kota Bharu - Wan Abdul Rahim Wan Abdullah
o P23 - Rantau Panjang - Siti Zailah Mohd Yusoff
o P24 - Kubang Kerian - Salahuddin Ayub
o P25 - Bachok - Nasharudin Mat Isa
o P28 - Pasir Puteh - Muhammad Husin
o P31 - Kuala Kerai - Mohd Hatta Ramli



* Terengganu
o P36 - Kuala Terengganu - Mohd Abdul Wahid Endut
o P37 - Marang - Abdul Hadi Awang

* Perak
o P57 - Parit Buntar - Mujahid Yusof Rawa
o P59 - Bukit Gantang - Mohd Nizar Jamaluddin

* Selangor
o P96 - Kuala Selangor - Dzulkefly Ahmad
o P101 - Hulu Langat - Che Rosli Bin Che Mat
o P108 - Shah Alam - Khalid Abd Samad
o P111 - Kota Raja - Siti Mariah Mahmud

* Federal Territory
o P119 - Titiwangsa - Lo' Lo' Mohd Ghazali

[edit] See also

* List of political parties in Malaysia
* Politics of Malaysia
* Pakatan Rakyat
* State Seats Representatives elected 2008

[edit] Notes and references

1. ^ Farish Noor (2004). Islam Embedded: The Historical Development of the Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party PAS (1951 - 2003), Vol. I, p. 72. MSRI
2. ^ Farish Noor, ibid
3. ^ Farish Noor, ibid, p. 87
4. ^ Noor, Farish A. (PDF). The Globalisation of Islamic Discourse and its Impact in Malaysia and Beyond. Freie Universität Berlin. http://www2.ucsc.edu/globalinterns/cpapers/noor.pdf. Retrieved 2008-04-22.
5. ^ a b "OPINION: Moderation the key to success for Pas?". The New Straits Times. March 31, 2008. http://www.nst.com.my/Current_News/NST/Monday/Columns/2199722/Article/index_html. Retrieved 2008-05-05.
6. ^ "Analysts say Malaysian Islamic party wins big with gentler image". Channel News Asia. March 9, 2008. http://www.channelnewsasia.com/stories/afp_asiapacific/view/333865/1/.html. Retrieved 2008-05-05.
7. ^ "MALAYSIA: Racial Divisions Sharper After 50 Years". Inter Press Service. http://ipsnews.net/news.asp?idnews=38797. Retrieved 2008-05-05.
8. ^ "Muslim official visits church, temples". USAtoday.com. April 2, 2008. http://www.usatoday.com/news/world/2008-04-02-2271029586_x.htm. Retrieved 2008-06-20.
9. ^ "Malaysia:Islamic Opposition on the rise?". IslamOnline.net. May 20, 2008. http://www.islamonline.net/servlet/Satellite?c=Article_C&cid=1209357758255&pagename=Zone-English-Muslim_Affairs%2FMAELayout. Retrieved 2008-06-02.
10. ^ "Man of principle". The Star. May 8, 2008. http://thestar.com.my/lifestyle/story.asp?file=/2008/5/8/lifefocus/21148479&sec=lifefocus. Retrieved 2008-06-30.

[edit] Other references

* Ahmad, Abdul Razak (Oct. 16, 2005). "Umno picks up Pas' reinvention gauntlet". New Straits Times, p. 18.
* "Malaysia's Islamic opposition party prepares for key by-election". (Nov. 6, 2005). Agence France-Presse.

[edit] External links

* PAS website
* Harakahdaily (PAS party newspaper in Malay)

[hide]
v • d • e
Malaysia Political parties in Malaysia
Barisan Nasional
United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) · Malaysian Chinese Association (MCA) · Parti Gerakan Rakyat (Gerakan) · Malaysian Indian Congress (MIC) · People's Progressive Party (PPP) · Parti Pesaka Bumiputera Bersatu (PBB) · Sarawak United Peoples' Party (SUPP) · Parti Bersatu Sabah (PBS) · Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) · Parti Bersatu Rakyat Sabah (PBRS) · United Pasokmomogun Kadazandusun Murut Organisation (UPKO) · Sarawak Progressive Democratic Party (SPDP) · Parti Rakyat Sarawak (PRS)
Pakatan Rakyat
Democratic Action Party (DAP) · Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS) · Parti Keadilan Rakyat (PKR) · Sarawak National Party (SNAP)
Other parties
Parti Rakyat Malaysia (PRM) · Malaysian Workers' Party (PPM) · Malaysian Dayak Congress (MDC) · Pan-Malaysian Islamic Front (BERJASA) · Malaysian Indian Muslim Congress (KIMMA) · United Pasok Nunukragang National Organisation (PASOK) · Community Coalition Congress (CCC) · Federated Sabah People's Front (BERSEKUTU) · United Democratic Sabah People's Power Party (SETIA) · State Reform Party (STAR) · Angkatan Keadilan Insan Malaysia (AKIM) · Malaysian Democratic Party (MDP) · All Malaysian Indian Progressive Front (AMIPF) · Punjabi Party of Malaysia (PPM) · Parti Sosialis Malaysia (PSM) · Parti Bangsa Dayak Sarawak (PBDS) · Sabah Progressive Party (SAPP)
Politics of Malaysia · Politics portal · List of political parties by country
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pan-Malaysian_Islamic_Party"
Categories: Political parties in Malaysia | Islamic political parties | Far-right politics | Muslim Brotherhood
Hidden categories: Articles containing Malay language text | All articles with unsourced statements | Articles with unsourced statements from October 2007
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